Packer



C. H. SWEET July 29, 1952 PACKER 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 11, 1947 n? ll-I 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. BY WM QLTORN C. H. SWEET PACKER Jul 29, 1952 Filed Aug. 11, 1947 C. H. SWEET July 29, 1952' PACKER 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Aug. 11, 1947 INVENTOR.

Patented July 29,, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENTv OFFICE v f "2,604,946

'IPACKER Cecil Sweet, Hobbs; N. Mex.v ffapiiucau nnu uss 11, 1947, Serial No. 758,053

15 Claims.

This-invention "rela'jzes to packers for packin o'ff'the space between concentric pipes in'a well or the like and has for its general ob ect-the Provision o'fsuh a packer 'of atype adapted to 'be' expanded radially" toform' a seal after. it has been properly locate'dg 'a'nd whi'ch' may be" readily removed after it has-beenset.

Numerous typles ofpackers have been devised which arecapable *of packing ofi' the annular [space-between concentric; pipes or the like such as' are customarily? ever; even thou'gh ers have been designed forthe purpose of enabling them-to be removed With-the inner pipe 'when'removal of the inner pipe becomes desir- *able, it nasbeenreund that without exception nd inwell bores. HowiOus 'eXp'ansible type packsuch packers-have in thepast'been so susceptible of sticking to the f-outer. pipes iandiof j resisting the flexing necessar sto enable them :to disengage from the outer pipes-that *as apractical matter 5 they'have' not'provenlzto be removable; Furthermore, in' 'most insta'nces in-whic'h such packers have been de'signed 'for -the purpose of permitting theirremoval, "their design-has been such 7 as made 'itinecessary that the force tobe exerted *upon the packer for the purpose. of dislodging Other objects and "advantages-of this invention will. become" apparent ,from the following description taken inconnection with the 'accomi panying drawings whereinris set; forth by way. of

illustration and'exa'mpleone-embodiment of the invention. 3 r y In the drawings: r Y i Figure l is a'view partly in elevationand-partly in longitudinal cross section'-illustrating aipaclrer constructed in accordance withthis invention in place within an outer pipe-1or' casingp'butbeitfrom its sealed engagement with the outer pipe be 'transmitted through a" pull exerted on the inner pipe; This; has prohibited the use of this type fofi'packer iii-{deep wells in which the string offinnerjpipe,;isrfr equently-so long that it is scarcely more'thanwable to support its own weight! .ObViOlJSly :i-n suchcases any substantial additional pull onvtherpacker in san eifort to release it'wouldcause 'the inner-pipe to break. 7

iIt'is-an objectgo this invention: to provide a rialmay havebeqoniez stuck to the outer pipe.

Another. objectIis to provide --a packer s of the type 'referredto iiiwhich the force necessary fore the same'has-been' 'expanded:-into sealing engagement'with-the casing. Figure 2 is a viewsimilar toiFijgure lfbut showing an extension of the :lower :portionof Fi ure 1 and illustrating the supporting means employed in connection with :the packer of Figure 1. Figure'3 *is a view-similarto Figurel'zbut showing the packer. of'i Figure-l after the same-has been distorted into "laterally, expanded-sealing position to seal 'ofi the sp'ace between the inner and outer pipes; c v

Figure 4 is a "view*siinilar-to Figures 1-;a;nd 3

but showing the packer after the same-has been released fromits sealed position. Figure '5 is a transverse cross section taken along the line 5-5 of Figure-4.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary sectional viewson an enlarged scale. illustrating the vdetails of structure adjacentthe lower-"end of' -th ebodyof packing material employed in connection -with the packer shown in Figures l'to 4, inclusive.

Referringmore' in detail tothe drawings,- -the numeral I indicates an outer pipe or casing such packer of; the type {referred-to which maybe 3 readily released evenethotl h the packing imatetodislodge the :packerwhen it-.is.desired to remove the. sameneed not'be transmitted to the packer by means of addedtension on the tubing. Another object of :this. invention is to provide a structure -,of,--

. type referred I to "in which both 7 the innerpipeor tubing-andthe-packer may receive substantial supportiirom ithe enter 7 pipe or casing both whilewthe.packer'fisfinsealed position and "While -it .is,-being unseateui from its sealed position. 3 Another object of this invention to provide --a-packer ofthe type 'refer'iedftoiin which when it is desired to disl odge the packerfrom its sealed position, the sealing pressure" may; first be 're- 7 moved from the packing material;

as usually employed? inconnection'with -oil, gas or other wells. i v j The packer constructed in accordance with this invention 'iscprovided with a tubular-=mandrel or part 2 having uppery-endrportion :3- provided withinterhal threads 4adapted toreceivee-the lower end of the inner-pipe or tubing-and having its 'outer surface provided-withridges5 which may receive a fishing tool or the like in the event it is desired-to removethepacker from; the. well ness insuff cient to sclose the space betwfienfihe "after the well tubing--has'- been unscrewed from th'ethreads4. v

Intermediate 1 its ven'ds -the--ma-ndrel 2 provided'with an 'enlargement the lowerextremity of which is undercut to :provi de adownwardly and inwardly facing overhanging shoulder ,6.

A body or sealing ,membergl 0f --flexible dis tortable packing materialsuch as natural orsynthetic rubber or other substanceknown to be useful for this purpose, isrp-rovid'ed in the f orm of a complete annulus-having normally a wall thickpipe I and the mandrel 2. The upper end of this sealing member surrounds a collar 8 and is preferably firmly joined thereto as by means of vulcanization. This collar is externally threaded on its upper end 9 to receive a traveling ring it which abuts the upper end of the body 7 of packing material and has an upper end surface of a shape to engage and conform to the downwardly presented surface of the shoulder 6. This traveling ring it is of slightly less internal diameter than the collar '8 for a reason presently to be explained.

At its lower end the bOdy By reference to Figure 1 it will be seen that the packer seat is a part which provides a shoulder facing upwardly toward the body I of packing material and opposed to and spaced from the shoulder 6. The packer seat i5 extends downwardly from its upper end and below the lower end of the member I! is provided with a releasable holding means which in the design shown take the form of one or more shear screws or the like l5. These shear screws are threaded into and through the member l5 and have their inner ends projecting into a channellike groove formed around the lower end of the mandrel 2 by the external shoulder H on this mandrel and the nut l8 threaded to the lower end of the mandrelx When the mandrel and packer seat are so held by the shear screws It, the opopsed shoulders on these respective parts are spaced apart sufiiciently to provide room for the body I of packing material to be disposed between them in retracted non-sealing condition.

It is to be notedthat when the parts are in the positions illustrated in Figures 1 and 3 the upper end of the packer seat l5 overlies a plurality of openings l9 which extend radially through the intermediate portion 12 of the ring H. The engagement between the packer seat [5 and the body 1 of packing material effectively closes on the openings l8 and prevents flow therethrough.

On the other hand; when the parts are in the position shown in Figures 4 and 6 these openings l9 will open into the space between the packer seat [5 and-the packing material 1 and flow will thus be permitted through the openings 19.

The lower end portion of the mandrel is made of slightly smaller internal diameter than the remainder thereof and is provided with a keyway extending therethrough, the bottom of the key-way being substantially the same distance from the axis of the mandrel as the radius of the major portion of the mandrel above the reduced lower end portion.

This key-way 20 is adapted to receive a key or spline 2i formed on the inner mandrel 22.

This'inner mandrel 22 extends upwardly through the mandrel 2 and terminates at its upper end in a portion of relatively large diameter providing an external downwardly facing shoulder 23 l of packing mate rial is likewise molded around or vulcanized or and a thickened upper end portion 24 having a snug sliding fit within the mandrel 2.

The packer seat 15 at its lower end is internally threaded at 25 to receive a tapered slip expander 26. This tapered slip expander 26 is also internally threaded at its upper end at 2? to receive the lower end of the inner mandrel 22. This'inner mandrel 22 is provided with radial openings therethrough" just above the threaded connection 2! as illustrated at 28, which are closed by the major mandrel covering same when the packer is fully set and uncovered and opened with the lifting of the major mandrel when moved upward by the withdrawing action on the inner pipe string.

The slip expander 26 is internally threaded at its lower end at 29 to receive the anchor guide 39 which extends downwardly therefrom. Thisanchor guide 30 is. threaded externally at its lower end 3| to receivea lower section of tubing if desired.

Just above its lower end the achor guide 3% is provided with an enlarged portion presenting an upwardly facing shoulder 32 adapted to limit the downward movement of the control sleeve 33 which sleeve slidably surrounds the guide 39. At spaced intervals around this sleeve 33 there are bowed springs 34 in frictional engagement with the interior of the casing I. These springs 34 are joined by any suitable means at 35 to the sleeve 33 adjacent the lower ends of springs and adjacent their upper ends are joined at 36 to a floating collar 31. This collar 31 is slidingly mounted on a reduced outer diameter upper end portion 38 of the sleeve 33.

Rotatably carried in a groove in the exterior of the sleeve 33 adjacent its upper end is an annular member 39 providing pivotal connections 40 for links M which are in turn pivotally secured at 42 to the slips 43. These slips 43 have external downwardly directed teeth 44 adapted to prevent them from "being moved downwardly with respect to a surface with which they are engaged. The slips 43 are carried in suitable tapered and dove-tailed groves 45 so that they cannot move radially outwardly with respect to the slip expander 26 except as they are moved upwardly with respect to this slip expander.

Located within the slip expander 26 is a short tubular member which may be termed a pump out nipple 45 adapted to seat against the upper end of the anchor guide 30. The upper end of this nipple 48 is likewise provided with a tapered seat as shown at 41. This nipple 46 is of slightly less internal diameter than the inner mandrel 22 and the seat 41 is adapted'to receive a pump out plug or closure. This plug is formed of a body 48 having upwardly directed sealing cups 49 thereabout of a size to seal within the nipple 46. On its upper end this plug is provided with a flared portion 50 forming a valve adapted to seat against the upper seating end of the nipple 46. For the purpose of removing this plug from the tubing ii and when necessary it is provided with an upwardly extending centrally located stem 5i having'threads 52 formed on its upper end.

In operation when it is desired toset' in a well the packer constructed in accordance with this invention, the same is lowered on astring of tubing or similar inner pipe threadedly secured to themandrel 2 at 4. While being so lowered the parts are held in the positions illustrated in Figures 1 and 2by, means of theshear screws it. During this lowering operation the slips 43 are -also held in their inactive ipositio'n as; shown in Figure 2 by means ofthe engagement 'between the J-slot 53 on'the-sleeve; 33 and: the lug 54 ontheanchor'guide-Mi When the packer has reached."a'-:'position at which it is desired to set the sameandexp'and it to form a seal between the inner and :outer pipes, the tubing on which the packer is being: lowered will be rotated to the left to disengage. the lug 54 from the upper endiportionfof the slot 53, and then lowered to permit this: lug .5' lt'to move into the lower end'portion ofthe slot: 53." The tubingwill then-be lowered'whilei the springs 34 off on the tubing thereby forcing the mandrel 2 downwardly with respect to the packer seat 15 and also with respect to the inner mandrel.

22. This moves the-two. ends of the packing material body 1 toward'each other and causes this body material to expand laterally until it is I in sealed engagement with both the casing I and the mandrel2 asshown in Figure 3. The initial downwardmoveme'nt oi the mandrel 2 with respect to the packer "seat l5 causes the shearing of the shear screws l6. which theretofore supported the packer seat from the mandrel. J

It will be noted that both during the lowering: operation and during and after the packing expanding operation described, the openings [9 will be eifectively closed bythe engagement between the packing material I and the packer seat I 5 so that fluid maybe forced through the: inner pipe without any danger that it will leak out into the outer pipe.

.When it is desired to remove the packer from the outer pipe, the first step is to'take up enough of the weight from the tubing so that the tubing throughout its length is in tensionand nopart of its weight is resting on the mandrel 2. Sufficient-weight should be taken oil 'the tubing so that there will be a tendencyfor the lower end of the tubing to move upwardly if and when released by the packer;

At this stage opening 28 in the minor mandrel 22 will be uncovered, and the plug illustrated in the lower portion of Figure 3 will be dropped into the tubing and caused to come to rest in sealing engagement with the seat 41. This will prevent further downflow through'the tubing whereupon fluid under pressure will be injected into the upper end of the tubing which pressure will be exerted inside the tubing in the upward direction on major mandrel 2 sufificient, when added to the lifting action-on the tubing-string at the surface, to move the mandrel 2 through packer element I and'along inner mandrel 22 thus breaking the major mandrel loose from any tendency to adhere to the interior of the packing element while at the same time compression is relieved therefrom by a lifting of the upper packer seat. Continued upward movement of mandrel 2 will uncover openings 28 whereupon the fluid inside the tubing will pass from the interior of the inner mandrel out through the.

ing.

openings 28' to actiuponithe lowerrend. of; the mandrel 2: tending to. f'o'rce it :upward-ly. In; as much-as the upper. end: ofv the mandrel 2 is rigidly joinedf to the "lo'izveriendfof: the tubing. and the upper end of:- the tubing is'free to'imove upwardly, the fluid underipressure within-the tubing will eXer-t an upwardly-directed force. on the mandrel wh'ichwill'beequalitothe product of the unit pressure exi'stings' within "the tubing. multipliedby the ara i ofac'circle whose. diameter is the same as the outer diameterofi-themandrel 2 It has been found that the forice which may thus-beexerted 'tending. to move the mandrel 2 upwardly-"will"be' very -large.and in every instanoe sufficient; either alone. or-taken with such upward force as maybe. exerted by. a pull on the tubing, tomove the-mandrel 2v upwardly through the body ofipacking material 1-. As the lowerend of the mandrel passes up through the body of packing mat'erial it will -"serve to release the inner surface of the packing material for radially inwardmovement away from the outer casing thereby-removing the sealing pressure between the 'pa'cklng materialand the outer cas- It is to be noted that the travelingring- H) is slidin'gly carried oh-the mandrel 2 so that as the mandrel moves upwardlythis ringwill n'ot necessarily move upwardly but may remain stationary until the-mandrel Z 'l ias -beeh entirely withdrawn from withinthe p'acking.material l whereupon the shoulde'rprovided'by. the'upper' end of the nut 18- willengage-Within the traveling ring [B and pull it upwardly. 'IBy thistime; however, all of the sealing-pressure between" the packing material and the '-casingwil l have been. removed 'by the withdrawal ef the inner-mandrel and the natural tendency ofthe-:pachingmaterial will be to resume its'ori'ginal shape and to retract from.

the outer casing; Whatever resistance to this action is provided hy deterioration of the packing material or otherinfluences causing the packing material-to 'stick' 'to the-outer casing may readilybeovercome afterthe. sealing pressurehas beenremoved by the upward pull exerted-throug-h the-nut-" l'son the: traveling ring It which is attached to the. upper end o'fithesealing material;

As soon asthesealing material has been pulled loose from theouter casing-in the. manner just described, the ring: lliwillbemoved. upwardly within the-packerseat'l 51 until the threaded section I 3' comes into engagement with the threaded section M on-the packerseat. This will serve to open thepassages. 19;; which extend radially through the Iii'lg:- l ll'and permit the fluid pressure withinthe tubing 'tozbe. released through these openings 'I 9. This release-of fluid pressure may be noted by suitable gauges within .viewof the operator and-"will inform the operator that the packerhasbeen released and isready to be Withdrawn from the-well. Further} upward movement of the-mandrel 2 will cause'interengagement between: the upwardly. facing shoulder within the movement of the anchor guide 32 through the sleeve 33 and that the sleeve 33 meantime will be held by the springs 34 and will prevent the slips 43 from moving upwardly with the slip expander 2%. Thus disengagement of the slips 43 from the casing will be produced. If desired; after the slips 63 have become disengaged-from the casing, the tubing may be rotated to the right to reengage the lug 54 with the upper horizontal portion of the J-slot 53 thereby locking the slips in disengaged position.

After the tubing and packer have been removed from the well, if it be desired to replace them in the well all that is necessary in the event the packing material 1 has not become deteriorated is to move the parts back to the position illustrated in Figure l and put in new shear screws 16. In the event that it should appear that the packing material 1 has deteriorated while in the well and that it needs to be renewed, all that is necessaryis to unscrew the packer seat Hi from the slip expander 26 and from the ring H, unscrew the inner mandrel 22 from the slip expander 25, remove the packer seat and body of packing material, replace the body of packing material and packer seat and put the parts together again.

From the foregoing it will be seen that a simple tool has been provided which is fully capable of carrying out and accomplishing all of the objects and advantages sought by this invention.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. In a removable packer for use on a pipe string, upper and lower tubular parts providing opposed external shoulders and a tubular mandrel on said pipe string extending through said tubular parts in telescoping engagement with the upper of said parts, a distortable body of packing material about said mandrel between said shoulders, a releasable holding means for initially holding said shoulders and mandrel in fixed spaced relation to each other such as to permit said body of packing material to be disposed between said shoulders in retracted nonsealing condition, said mandrel being of external diameter less than the normal inside diameter of the packing material, and a substantiall rigid annular body joined to the upper end of said body of packing material and closely slidably embracing said mandrel, said mandrel having an enlargement on its lower end of a size just large enough to prevent its withdrawal through said rigid annular body whereby upon withdrawal from said body of packing material by raisin of the pipe string, said enlargement on said mandrel will engage said rigid annular body and further upward movement of said mandrel Will exert a pull through said rigid annular body on the upper end of said body of packing material in a direction to extend said body of packing material longitudinally and contract it laterally.

2. In a removable packer for use on a pipe string, upper and lower tubular parts providing opposed external shoulders and a tubular mandrel on said pipe string extending through said tubular parts in telescoping engagement with the upper of said parts, a distortable body of packing material about said mandrel between said shoulders, releasable holding means for initiall holding said shoulders and mandrel in fixed spaced relation to each other such as to permit said body of packing material to be disposed between said shoulders in retracted non-sealing condition, said mandrel being of external diameter less than the normal inside diameter of the packing material and an abutment on said mandrel limiting upward movement of said mandrel away from the shoulder at the lower end of said body of packing material after said mandrel has been withdrawn from said body of packing material by raising of the pipe string.

In a removable packer for use on a pipe string, upper and lower tubular parts providing opposed external shoulders and a tubular mandrel on said pipe string extending through said tubular parts in telescoping engagement with the upper of said parts, a distortable body of packing material about said mandrel between said shoulders, releasable holding means for initially holding said shoulders and mandrel in fixed spaced relation to each other such as to permit said body of packing material to be disposed therebetween in retracted nonsealing condition, said mandrel being of such external diameter less than the normal inside diameter of the packing material, a substantially rigid annular body joined to the upper end of said body of packing material and closely slidably embracing said mandrel, said mandrel having an enlargement on its lower end of a size just large enough to prevent its withdrawal through said rigid annular body, whereby upon withdrawal from said body of packing material by raising oi the pipe string, said enlargement on said mandrel will engage said rigid annular body and further upward movement of said mandrel will exert a pull on the upper end of said body of packing material in a direction to extend it longitudinally and contract it laterally, and an abutment on said mandrel limiting upward movement of said mandrel away from the shoulder at the lower end of said body of packing material after said mandrel has been withdrawn from said body of packing material.

4.-In a removable packer for use on a pipe string, upper and lower tubular parts providing opposed external shoulders and a tubular mandrel on said pipe string extending through said tubular parts in telescoping engagement with the upper of said parts, a distortable body of packing material about said mandrel between said shoulders, releasable holding means for initially holding said shoulders and mandrel in fixed spaced relation to each other such as to permit said body of packing material to be disposed between said shoulders in retracted non-sealing condition, said mandrel being of external diameter less than the normal inside diameter of the packing material, and means limiting upward movement of said mandrel away from the shoulder at the lower end of said body after it has been Withdrawn from said body by raising of the pipe string, said last mentioned means comprising a tubular part of smaller external diameter than said mandrel slidably interconnectin said mandrel and the part carrying said last mentioned shoulder.

5. In a removable packer for use on a pipe string, upper and lower tubular parts providing opposed external shoulders and a tubular mandrel on said pipe string extending through said tubular parts in telescoping engagement with the upper of said parts, a distortable body of packing material about said mandrel between said shoulders, and releasable holding means for initially holding said shoulders and mandrel in fixed spaced relation to each other such as to permit said body of packing material to be disposed between said shoulders in retracted nonsealing condition, said mandrel being of external ing: materialsbyzraisingtaoititheepiperstrmgisaid last"mentioned'meansicomprising:altubulanzpart of smaller external diametendl iam saidzman'drel slidably interconnecting .said omandrel; and the part carryingfsaid.Elastmentioned shoulder.

6. 'In T a removable Lpacker 'ffo'r :use. on a pipe string) upper and loweritiibular oarts providing opposed T external I'ShOlildIS and 1a .5 tubular i mandrel on 'saidpipe :string fextendingthrough said tubular parts :in telescoping: engagement with the upper of said :parts,i:'a distortable. body of :packing material about said'rmandrel between said shoulders, releasable hold'ing means (for initially holding said shouldersf andi mandrel in fixed spaced relation: to teach other suc'hLas-tQ permit said body :of packing material: to be disposed between said shoulders :in :retracted': non-sealing condition, isai'dxmandrelzbeing. of .such external diameterilas. to :permit titsii-withdrawal. from said body of; packing rmateti'ahby raising.iof'tlie pipe string after :said 4bodyw0f-2packing. material has been distorted into rllaterally :expanded sealing position; and meansulimiting. upward-movement of said mandrel away from:the:shoulderlat the lower end of said izbody iaftertit :has been withdrawn from said body by raisingithepipe string,

said means comprisingta tubulanipart of smaller external diameter than fsaidmandrel? and having a tongue: fitting in la -longitudinal groove 'in the mandrel slidably "and rinonarotatably interconnecting said mandrekan'd ithakpart carrying said last mentioned shoulder.

7. In a removable packer'zforiiuse.ion3a pipe string, upper and lower-tubular :parts 'providing opposed external shoulders and la tubular mandrel on said pipe stringextendingJthrough said tubular parts in telescoping engagement with the upper of said .parts, a distortable body of packing material about said mandrel between said shoulders, releasableholding :means for initially holding said shoulderszand :imandrel in' .fixed spaced relation to eaichitotherr such ias to permit said body of packing material to' be disposed be tween said 'shoulderslin iretraotedinon-sealing condition, said :mandrel'nbeing of. such 7 external diameter as to permit :itsswithdrawal from said body of packing materialibyfraising..-of the pipe string after said bodyrof packing material has been distorted into laterally iexpande'd' sealing position, a substantiallyxrigid' annular body joined to the upper'end'of said: body of packing material and closely islidably embracing :said mandrel, said-mandrel havinglan enlargementon its lower end of a size just largeenoughto prevent its upward withdrawal: through said rigid annular body, whereby upon withdrawal of -said mandrel. fromysaidr midyv'o'f; packing: material .said enlargementizonsaidzmandre'l will engage :said rigidi'annularnbody and? further .upward :move- =ment: of saidm andrel willriexert :a pull I011 the upperrend :ofgs'aid bodyif'of ;;packing material to extend it longitudinally, and non-tract; it rlaterally, and means slimitingiupwarfdi movement laof 7 said mandrehawayrfromzthe shoulder at the lower end ofz-saiderbody oi packingimaterial after said 'mandrel hasbeen iwithdrawn'fromisaidbodyj-ofipacking'materi'al' by-raisingiofthepipezstringpsaid"last mentioned means comprising :a tubular part of smaller external diameter than said mandrelzand having a tongue fitting inralongitudinalgroove in the mandrel slidablyand "nonerotatably interconnecting :said -mandrel and -ithe1 part carryingasaid *last mentionedshoulde'r.

8. A removable packer for use'aon acpipe-string having a bore,- comprising :upper and lower telescoping :members having-passages therethrough communicating with? said ipipe bore; {the upper member being. attached :to "the pipes-string and having a mandrel fextending z: downwardly and having :an :annular shoulder :aboye 'the mandrel, and Tthe lower member-havingiconcentric I upwardlyaextending tubularcportions adapted to ire-'- ceive said mandrel- .therebetv'veen, v the, 'inner of the tubular portions: having near its slower "end ducts :communicating with its .-:passage and :the outer of the tubular rportionsdiavingwan annular shoulder facingsaid-first mentionedas'houlde'r; ,a distortable body of packing-.:materia1 about: said members between jsaidshoulders, landi rel'easable holdingimeanstorinitiailly holding said-shoulders and-said mandrelin1-fixed spaced: relation to each other such: as tozpermitsaid body of. packing materialto Y be disposed therebetween' tin :retracted non sealing:conditionysaidmandreli being ofisuch external diameter-as to. permitritswithdrawaliby raising the pipe-string:from-saidubodyzof packing material= after said body -.ofipafckingrnriateriali-has been distorted tinto 'ilaterally' dexpandediz' sealing position; the lower: end; of .rsaid mandrel rbeing exposedto the ducts through: said lowerv member whereby fiui'd pressureiwithimsaid bore wi'lli urge said-mandrel in a directionito iwithdraw itffrom saidbody.

9. 'In' a rremova'bletzpa'eker:Efor 'susel on fa ipipe string shaving-ia-sborejnuppef :and: lower litubular partsi providing opposedtexternal shoulders an'da tubular mandrel fOl'iiSEidiDiD isfiiiing'. extending through said tu'bularzpartsinitelescoping-engagement' with the iupperibt-zsaid parts-ta distortable body of tipacking materialcaboutzsaid mandrel between said shoulders 'releasablesholdin'g'smeans forinitiallysholding:saidrshouldersiandsaid mandrel in :fixed :"spacedfmadmaneach other such as: to "permit:saidvbodyiofzpackingz m aterialttd.:be disposed? therebe'tweenoin retracted; nomse'alihg condition, saidganandreluheing of -:-such'= external diameteras -to qaermiteits withdrawali fromrsaid body (of packingmaterialtbynraising of 3 said pipe string after thesame has beenzdistortedinto laterally; expanded rsealingrpositionga substantial-1y rigid" annular body .jOiI'lBClUIO the? upper endi of said body of packingrmaterialzaand'closelyislidably embracing saidrmandreli s'ai'dimandrel ha ving-an enlargementzon itsIOWGI EHdZOTZLiSlZE just large enough :to prevent; its i-withdr'awalzthrough l'said rigid, annular :body, -rwlrereby1 upon cwithdraWal' from said body-bf masking "materialzsaid'renlar ge-= ment on said :mandre'l rwill-rengagei'said rigidtiannular body and sfurther ==upward -;'.-movementrof said -mandrel; will exertfarpullxen itheeadjacent end of said'body: of,"packing material in:a: direc= 'tion to extend it longitudinally and contract it ward stretching of the body'as the mandrel is withdrawn, whereby when said body of packing material is completely retracted in a lateral direction further upward pull will unseat it from said last mentioned shoulder and release fluid under pressure from within said bore by opening said valve.

10. Aremovable packer for use on a pipe string having a bore, comprising upper and lower telescoping members having passages therethrough communicating with said pipe bore, the upper member being attached to the pipe string and having a mandrel extending downwardly and having an annular shoulder above the mandrel, and the lower member having concentric upwardly extending tubular portions adapted to receive said mandrel therebetween, the inner of the tubular portions having near its lower end ducts communicating with its passage and the outer of the tubular portions having an annular shoulder facing said first mentioned shoulder; a distortable body of packing material about said members between said shoulders, releasable holding means for initially holding said shoulders and said mandrel in fixed spaced relation to each other such as to permit said body of packing material to be disposed therebetween in retracted non-sealing condition, said mandrel being of such external diameter as to permit its withdrawal from said body of packing material by raising of the pipe string after said body-of packing material has been distorted into laterally expanded sealing position, the lower end of said mandrel being exposed to the ducts through said lower member, whereby fluid pressure within said bore will urge said mandrel in a direction to withdraw it from said body, and plug means for closing the passage through said lower member against flow of fluid under pressure therefrom, whereby pressure fluid injected into the upper of said members will increase the fluid pressure within said ducts.

11. An oil well packer assembly, comprising a well casing, telescoping major and minor mandrel sections within the casing having interfering shoulders limiting elongating movement therebetween, the major mandrel being operatively connected with a supporting pipe string, the minor mandrel being operatively connected with a downward movement limiting means and having an internally disposed valve seat, a rubber packing element disposed about the mandrels and embraced at its ends between opposed compressing means carried by the mandrels, openings in the wall of the minor mandrel assembly through which liquid from inside the pipe string may selectively be admitted into the well cavity below the packing element upon closure of the valve seat in the minor mandrel, a drop valve for closing said seat, frangible means holding the mandrel sections in one position as the assembly is lowered into the well but permitting them to take other positions upon being overcome by manipulations of the pipe string after the minor mandrel has reached its downward limit of travel, and means whereby upon a lifting of the pipe string one of the openings in the minor mandrel is uncovered, the major mandrel withdrawn from inside the packer, a pulling action applied to the upper end of the packing element and finally the 12 minor mandrel, andsaid packer assembly withdrawn from thewell. Y :q V

12. A removable well packer. for 'use on a pipe string having a bore, comprising upper and lower telescoping members having fluid passages therethrough communicating with said bore, each member having an annular shoulder and said upper member having a mandrel portion extending below itsshoulder; a resilient packing body about said packer between said shoulders, said body being fixed to said lowershoulder and said mandrel underlying said body when said members are tales-coped together and said shoulders are longitudinally compressing said body; abutments on said mandrel and on the upper end of said body to prevent full withdrawal of said mandrel therefrom; means to close thefluid passage in said lower member; and means for introducing fluid under pressure into the passage of the upper member from the bore, said pressure causing said members to move relatively away from each other and elongate said body.

13. A removable wen packer for use on a pipe string having a bore, comprising upper and lower telescoping members havingfluid passages therethrough communicating with said bore, each member having an annular shoulder and said upper member having a mandrel portion extending below its shoulder; means to limit elongating movement between said members; a resilient packing body about said packer between said shoulders, said body being flxed to said lower shoulder and said mandrel underlying said body when said members are telescoped together and said shoulders are longitudinally compressing said body; abutments on said mandrel and on the upper end of said body to prevent full withdrawal of said mandrel therefrom; anchor means to secure said lower member at a selected point in said well; means to close the fluid passage in said lower member; and means for introducing fluid under pressure into the passage of the upper member from the bore, said pressure causing said members to move relatively away from each other and elongate said body.

14. A removable well packer for use on a pipe string having a bore, comprising upper and lower telescoping members having fluid passages therethrough communicating with said bore, the upper member being connected'to said pipe string and having an annular shoulder and having a mandrel portion extending below its shoulder, and the lower member having concentric upwardly extending tubular portions adapted to receive said mandrel therebetween, the inner tubular portion having near its lower end ducts communicating with its passage and the outer tubular portion having an annular shoulder facing said first mentioned shoulder; a resilient packing body about said packer between said shoulders, said body being fixed to said lower shoulder and said mandrel underlying said body when said members are telescoped together, the lower end of the mandrel blocking said ducts, and said shoulders longitudinally compressing said body; abutments on said mandrel and on the upper end of said body to prevent full withdrawal of said mandrel therefrom; anchor means to secure said lower member at a selected point in said well; means to close the fluid passage in said lower member; and means for introducing fluid under pressure into the passages from the bore, whereby when the pipe string is lifted and said mandrel is pulled upwardly to uncover said ducts the fluid will enter between said tubular portions and 13 press the mandrel upwardly to cause said members to move relatively away from each other and elongate said body.

15. A removable well packer for use on a pipe string having a bore, comprising upper and lower telescoping members having fluid passages therethrough communicating with said bore, the upper member being connected to said; pipe string and having an annular shoulder and" having a. mandrel portion extending below itsshoulder, and the lower member having concentric upwardly extending tubular portions adapted to receive said mandrel therebetween, the ,inner tubular portion having near its lower end ducts communicating with its passage the outer tubular portion having an annular-shoulder facing said first mentioned shoulder a resilient packing body about said packer between said shoulders, said body being fixed to saidlower shoulder and said mandrel underlying said body when said members are telescoped together, the lower end of the mandrel blocking said ducts, and said shoulders longitudinally compressing said body; abutments on said mandrel and ori;the upper end of said body to prevent full withdrawal of said mandrel therefrom; means to? close the fluid passage in, said lower member; means for introducing fluid under pressure into the passages REFERENCES err- 1) The following references areoi record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name I Date 1.860367 Mack May 31, 1932 2,122,754 Rohrbaugh July 5. 1938 2',133.462 McManis l; Oct. 18, 1938 2;17;844 Baker Nov. 7, 1939 2,l8fl;481 Baker et al Jan. 16, 1940 2,221,204 Santiago Nov. 12, 1940 15 23315931 Burt et a1. Apr. 6, 1943 2;338,369 Williams et a1. Jan. 4, 1944 2 ;368,409 Burt Jan. 30, 1945 1 2,375,469 Denton June 19, 1945 -2,382,094 Phipps Aug. 14, 1945 l ;2}40 9,812 Taylor et a1. Oct. 22, 1946 Johnson June 1, 1948 

